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Friday, September 16, 2011

Carbohydrate

Carbohydrate, Class of carbohydrates include: sugar, flour, and cellulose derived from plants. Carbohydrate molecule composed of the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). In accordance with the complexity of the composition and amount of the molecule, carbohydrates contained in food can be divided into three groups, as follows
a. Monosaccharide (carbohydrates composed of a group of sugar.
b. Disaccharide (carbohydrates consisting of two clusters of sugar), for example: sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
c. Polysaccharides (carbohydrates composed of more than ten clusters of sugar). For example: flour (starch), cellulose, and glycogen.

Carbohydrate,Glucose, especially in the blood, it is very important to use as fuel to generate energy. Under normal circumstances, a person has 70 to 100 mg glucose per 100 ml of blood. Hiperglikimea is a condition in which blood glucose levels higher than normal, while hipoglikemia lower than normal.

Carbohydrates have several major functions that can not be replaced by other food substances. For example, brain cells and the lens of the eye and neural networks are specifically dependent on glucose as an energy source. Carbohydrates also play an important role in metabolic processes, maintain the balance of acids and bases, and formation of cell structure, tissues, and organs. Part of carbohydrates in food that can not be digested, such as cellulose provides utility-specific functionality in the body. Other special functions, such as Lactose helps the absorption of calcium. Ribose is a monosaccharide having 5 carbon atoms is an essential component in nucleic acids.

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